DIVE Earth Science Quarterly Exam 1 Practice

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• What do we call a recognized group of stars that form a particular pattern in the night sky?
• What is the body of real things, events, and facts often referred to in science?
• What is the field of study that focuses on the celestial bodies and the universe?
• Which term refers to celestial bodies that have a definite pattern and name associated with them?
• In astronomy, what is the importance of understanding parallax?
• What type of rock is formed from the eroded products of preexisting rocks or through mineral precipitates?
• What is a cloud of interstellar gas and dust known as?
• What term is used for the height of a geographical location above sea level?
• What are beliefs outside of, or in opposition to orthodox Christianity often considered to be?
• Which term refers to something that actually exists and has been observed?
• What term best describes a rock type formed from magma that cools beneath the Earth's surface?
• What is the practice of solving practical problems using knowledge from pure science called?
• What is defined as a system of stars, gas, and dust held together by gravity?
• What is defined as a naturally occurring, inorganic solid substance with a definite composition?
• What is the systematic study involving observation and data collection called?
• What is the term for a natural or manmade object in orbit around Earth or another planet?
• What is defined as an educated guess based on preliminary research?
• Which term refers to the study of weather and climate?
• What primarily characterizes sedimentary rock?
• Which reasoning technique starts with general statements and leads towards specifics?
• What are temporary dark spots on the Sun's surface called?
• What is a self-illuminated gaseous body of great size that produces its own energy by nuclear fusion called?
• What systematic approach is used to investigate and understand physical phenomena?
• What are satellites that orbit planets commonly referred to as?
• What is the region of Earth between the crust and core called?
• What does GIS stand for in the context of geographical information?
• What do you call a person trained to travel in spacecraft?
• What is the smallest particle of an element or compound that retains its chemical properties?
• What is a characteristic of a supercritical fluid?
• Which rock type is formed by the combination of extreme heat and pressure on existing rocks?
• What property characterizes a mineral?
• Which system uses satellites to determine location coordinates?
• What theory suggests that Earth’s continents were uplifted and ocean basins subsided during a global cataclysm?
• What is the significance of latitude in geography?
• What type of igneous rock cools and solidifies on or very near the Earth’s surface?
• What term describes the idea that the Earth's surface has been shaped primarily by high-energy, short-duration events?
• Which type of igneous rock is dark-colored and rich in iron and magnesium?
• What is the central body of the Solar System?
• What does land surveying primarily aim to determine?
• Which layer includes the crust and the uppermost mantle?
• What technology would you use for analyzing geographical information on a computer?
• Which of the following is defined as a spherical heavenly body in orbit around the sun?
• Which type of metamorphic rock features minerals aligned into visible layers due to extreme forces?
• Which philosophy states that reality consists only of matter and energy?
• Which type of rock is formed from eroded products of preexisting rocks?
• Which process involves the breakdown of rocks into smaller particles due to environmental factors?
• What is the innermost layer of the Earth primarily composed of?
• What process involves the combination of sediments with chemical agents to form solid rock?
• What is a model called that has features proportional to the original object?
• Which term describes a celestial body made of ice and dust that develops a tail when near the Sun?
• What term describes the solid mass of Earth distinct from its atmosphere or hydrosphere?
• Which type of gas absorbs infrared light energy, leading to an increase in temperature?
• Which term refers to the energy possessed by an object due to its motion?
• What is the upper part of the mantle known as?
• What phenomenon increases in correlation with the appearance of sunspots?
• What is the phase change called when a liquid turns into a gas?
• What is the term for a collection of facts and information recorded during an experiment?
• What does the term 'asthenosphere' refer to?
• What is magma that reaches the Earth's surface called?
• What phenomenon describes the natural process of the Earth's atmosphere trapping heat?
• What do we call the method of collecting and classifying data for hypothesis testing?
• What is the study of the solid Earth and celestial bodies called?
• Which term describes the technical projection that translates the curved surface of the Earth onto a flat map?
• Which term refers to the science of determining distances and angles between points?
• What characteristic distinguishes crystalline rocks from other rock types?
• Which layer of the Earth's upper mantle is described as relatively plastic?
• Which of the following contributes to the greenhouse effect?
• Which of the following is primarily found at high temperatures and high pressures?
• What term describes distance measured in degrees, north and south of the equator?
• How is a compound defined in terms of its composition?
• What term describes the transfer of energy from a warmer object to a cooler one?
• What framework does catastrophic plate tectonics (CPT) operate within?
• What is the largest continuous mass of land known as?
• Which term describes igneous rock that cools and solidifies beneath the earth's surface, also known as intrusive rock?
• What refers to a written account of past events?
• Which term refers to a rigid section of the lithosphere that moves over the asthenosphere?
• What is the gaseous region surrounding a planet called?
• Which of the following is the most dense part of the Earth?
• What phase change occurs when a gas turns into a liquid?
• What category of sedimentary rock is characterized by chemical precipitation and includes minerals formed from evaporation?
• Which scientific discipline assesses changes in Earth's environment caused by natural and human factors?
• Which term refers to the region beyond Earth's atmosphere?
• What is the name of a celestial body that orbits a planet?
• Which characteristic is used to classify igneous rocks alluding to their mineral composition?
• What term describes the apparent faster motion of objects closer to us compared to those farther away?
• How is volcanic rock defined in terms of its formation?
• What subatomic particle carries a negative charge?
• Which mineral group predominantly consists of feldspar and quartz?
• Which model suggests that the Earth is at the center of the universe?
• What phenomenon would you observe with a telescope if it were turned towards a nebula?
• What is the primary role of a star in the universe?
• What describes the external appearance of a mineral based on its internal arrangement of atoms?
• What term describes the material upon which gravity acts?
• Which type of survey accounts for the curvature of the earth's surface?
• What is the term for water vapor present in the air?
• What term is used to describe solid material formed during a chemical reaction in water?
• What term describes a small body of matter from space that creates a streak of light when entering Earth's atmosphere?
• What do we call a line on a map that connects points of equal elevation?
• What is the term for moving air, often caused by variations in atmospheric pressure?
• What is the term for an incorrect prediction in a scientific experiment?
• Which reasoning method starts with facts to draw general conclusions?
• What term refers to a large valley filled with sand, clay, and other deposits?
• What is created when water vapor condenses in the atmosphere?
• In which field would you use a global positioning system?
• What process involves the formation and growth of a solid crystal from a liquid or gaseous form?
• What effect describes the increase in air temperature due to higher concentrations of greenhouse gases?
• Which particle in an atom carries a positive charge?
• What is the term used to describe the mixture of gases and particles that make up Earth's atmosphere?
• What name is given to minerals formed from crystallization of magma?
• What is the scientific study that seeks to explain the universe's beginnings and structure?
• What do we call large geologic basins that are situated below sea level?
• What does atmospheric pressure measure?
• What term describes the line where a large body of water meets the land?
• Which type of science focuses on the quest for knowledge without practical applications?
• What is the name given to the transition from a solid to a liquid state in geological processes?
• What type of map would you use to show elevation and land forms accurately?
• What is the smallest unit of elements?
• What is the heat added that causes a phase change while keeping the temperature constant called?
• What layer of the Earth is less than 50 km thick over the oceans?
• What is the phase change from a solid to a gas called?
• Which method utilizes careful observation and data collection for investigations?
• What is the general term for branches of science that seek to understand Earth and its surroundings?
• What term describes light-colored igneous rocks that are rich in feldspar and quartz?
• What type of map uses contour lines to depict bathymetry in maritime areas?
• What is the scientific study of the origins and development of the universe?
• Which term describes the water portion of Earth?
• Which celestial object is primarily composed of a nucleus of ice and dust?
• What is the definition of a rock?
• Which celestial body is a typical example of a planet?
• What is defined as a naturally occurring, inorganic solid with a specific composition and crystalline structure?
• Which type of map projection maintains equal lengths for all parallels of latitude with respect to the equator?
• What is the belief called that stars direct our lives?
• What is the primary method of gathering evidence in a scientific experiment?
• What is the name of the earth's zero of longitude that passes through Greenwich, England?
• What is latitude a measure of?
• What is longitude a measure of?
• Which of the following is NOT considered a branch of Earth science?
• What do we call a conclusion that has been drawn with the use of inductive reasoning?
• Which of the following describes the concept of contour lines?
• What do we call long-term changes in climate lasting over 10 years?
• Which feature on a map indicates the height of land above sea level?
• What type of rock is formed by the solidification of liquid magma?
• What occurs when a molecular structure gains or loses an electron?
• Which type of map provides detailed information about the earth's surface, including elevations?
• What type of energy is involved during a phase transition at constant temperature?
• Which of the following describes molten rock found at depth?
• What technique is used to create a network of triangles for determining unknown distances?
• What is the term for igneous rock that cools and solidifies beneath the earth's surface?
• What kind of rock is formed from the alteration of existing rocks through heat, pressure, or chemical activity?
• What do we call the collection of planets and their moons, plus smaller bodies, in orbit around the Sun?
• What term describes the sum of all weather conditions in a specific area over time?
• What term is used to describe the state of the atmosphere at any given time and place?
• What does the term 'solar system' refer to specifically?
• What type of particle has a neutral charge?
• What concept proposes that the Earth and other planets orbit the Sun?
• What is the process of transforming sediments into solid rock called?
• Which term describes a large land mass that rises significantly above its surroundings?
• What term describes an arrangement of lenses and mirrors that gathers and magnifies visible light for observing distant objects?
• What term refers to all heavenly bodies and space, including our Solar system?
• What does the hydroplate theory describe?
• What does temperature measure in a substance?
• What is defined as a visual representation of the features of an area of the earth or a portion of the heavens?
• What term is used for an atom or molecule that carries a charge?
• What term describes minerals formed primarily through the physical and chemical processes of sedimentary rock formation?
• What is the distance that light travels in one year called?
• Which of the following best describes weather conditions over a short period of time?
• Which layer of the atmosphere is closest to Earth's surface?
• Which term refers to a sedimentary particle formed by weathering, erosion, and transport?
• What is the primary focus of Earth science?
• What does it mean to extrapolate in scientific context?
• What field studies the arrangement of physical features on the earth?
• What is the term for the tendency of a mineral to break along weak planes?
• What is a small, rocky body that orbits the Sun referred to as?
• What is defined as a combination of high temperature and high pressure, where a substance possesses both liquid and gas properties?
• What theory explains the movement of the Earth's outer shell and its effects like earthquakes and volcanoes?
• Which of these is NOT a form of energy discussed in the context of motion?
• Which of the following describes a characteristic of a scale model?
• What measurement indicates the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance?
• What is the vertical distance from the surface of the earth to sea level called?
• What is the thin, outermost layer of Earth called?
• Which property is common to both igneous and metamorphic rocks?
• Which type of rock forms from cooling magma?
• Which of the following best defines geology?
• What process involves the conversion of solid directly into gas?
• Which philosophy aligns most closely with the notion that only physical matter exists?
• What does a nautical chart typically include for navigation purposes?
• Which term refers to an overwhelming flood of water, specifically the Noachian deluge?
• Which term refers to all changes a sediment undergoes after its initial deposition and burial?